Economic prosperity in a globalized economy demands trade, and war disrupts trade. We can all either trade, ignore each other, or fight wars. Only the first option benefits all involved. Advanced, rational nations can't fight wars like the old ones any longer.
Neat graphic. But no more war on a large scale requires cooperative rationalisation and sharing of limited resources and the question is how will that happen? The quick answer is, in the absence of revolutionary developments in alternative energy and raw material utilisation, it won't. Demand for resources will not abate, it will increase exponentially in all sectors. The burgeoning economies of India and China absolutely depend upon traditional resource exploitation and acquisition outside its borders. For the time being, China will continue to use its economic clout to get what it wants. This is a fact of commerce. When manufacturing heats up, China wades in and grabs hold of resources like metals, oil and fibre and it does so by outbidding everyone else in the world. For example, China can absolutely afford to drive the price of copper through the roof (as it has on a number of occasions) because all its other input costs are low. Those other input costs cannot stay low forever and when that happens the dynamic will have to change. Will it be a different economic dynamic? Perhaps not. Nations, in particular superpowers, are not known for their willingness to tighten their belts and reign in their consumption of resources when they can simply take what they want from other nations. Superpowers have always waged war over resources and it is still happening in the modern world, notwithstanding shallow justifications like "war on terror and elimination of WMD". China may not be keen to take on the West to get what it wants, but the world is a big place.